Prospective clinical trials EMERALD - 1 (12) and LEAP - 012 (13) showed that in locally unresectable HCC, combining TACE with molecular targeted therapies and PD-(L)1 inhibitors significantly improved progression-free survival compared to TACE plus placebo (EMERALD - 1: 15.0 vs. 8.2 months, HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61 – 0.98, P = 0.032; LEAP - 012: 14.6 vs. 10.0 months, HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51 – 0.84, P < 0.001). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and hepatocellular carcinoma.