ATP5F1E and tuberculosis: However, in another ongoing longitudinal cohort of drug-resistant samples from Limpopo, another RAVs of BDQ was reported due to the mutation in the atpE gene and could suggest the possibility of more RAVs present in Limpopo province and the need for continued surveillance of drug resistance of BDQ, as BDQ now forms part of the standard regimen for the treatment of DR-TB.