Through in vitro experiments, Li et al. confirmed that the activation of macrophage Piezo1 can mediate M1 polarization and activation of HSCs, demonstrating that macrophages promote Ca2+ influx by activating Piezo1, regulating the transcription and activity of cathepsin S and the secretion of cathepsin S through the calpain/LAMP1 pathway, thereby regulating the progression of liver fibrosis.14 The gene discussed is CTSS; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.