GCG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: While a recent meta-analysis by Liu et al. [16] reported that long-term use of GLP-1 analogs was associated with increased risk of DVT in general population with T2DM or other metabolic syndromes, contrasting with our findings, our study focused on a distinct population with RA who carry chronic systemic inflammation, and have unique pathophysiological mechanisms including endothelial dysfunction and upregulated inflammatory cytokines which are known to increase thrombotic risk.