MM, a myelodysplastic malignant tumor, can release the chemokine SDF-1 to attract iDCs via the corresponding receptor CXCR4 on the their surface.124 Additionally, the secretion of soluble RANKL by MM cells promotes the activation and transdifferentiation of DCs into OCs with bone resorption function, leading to erosion of tumor cells in later disease stages.125 Nonunion refers to fractures that do not heal properly. Here, TNFSF11 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.