In addition, TUNEL staining showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells in the hippocampal tissue of mice in both T2DM and Pg groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the percentage of apoptotic cells in the Pg + T2DM group was further increased than that in the T2DM group (P < 0.001, Fig. 3D and E). This evidence concerns the gene JUP and type 2 diabetes mellitus.