In addition, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR3 and TLR7 may confer susceptibility to severe forms of EV-induced hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) [2] and variants of the EV-A71 receptor PSGL-1 may predispose to severe HFMD. Here, TLR3 is linked to hand, foot and mouth disease.