In a rat model of gestational diabetes, FA (20 mg/kg for 12 weeks) improved maternal glucose control and protected fetal/placental tissues; this was accompanied by upregulation of insulin signaling molecules (phosphorylated IRS-1/IRS-2 and PI3K) and increased GLUT1/GLUT4 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues [23]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.