Moreover, E. natalensis phytochemicals were significantly enriched in the HIV-1 infection pathway (hsa05170), with overlapping genes converging on PI3K–Akt–MTOR signaling, NFκβ activation, MAPK cascades, calcium signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, TNF signaling, and apoptotic pathways. Here, TNF is linked to HIV-1 infection.