Analysis of key genes in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway (PIK3R1, AKT1) using the ggpubr (version 0.6.0) package indicated that PIK3R1 was significantly downregulated in tumor tissues, whereas AKT1 showed no significant difference in expression between normal and tumor samples (Figure 5D,E). Here, AKT1 is linked to neoplasm.