Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify independent predictors of AS, incorporating variables that showed significant differences in univariate analyses, namely age, hypertension, SBP, triglycerides, fasting glucose, HbA1c, BUN, serum creatinine, eGFR, UACR, CRP, and serum IS levels (Table 2). Here, CRP is linked to hypertensive disorder.