As impaired mitochondrial function characterizes and contributes to the progression of T2DM [18], endurance exercise may help reverse T2DM-related mitochondrial dysfunction and improve glycemic control via the activation of the 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK-) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α-) dependent pathways that are responsible for de novo mitochondriogenesis and increase skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation [19,20]. Here, PPARGC1A is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.