TNF and COVID-19: Severe COVID-19 is characterized by a dysregulated host response with high circulating cytokines and chemokines (a “cytokine storm” phenotype) including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, and CXCL10/IP-10 (C–X–C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), also known as interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10)), and MCP-1/CCL2 (C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocytic chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1)), among others [41,42,43].