The cardiovascular effects of tsDMARDs and biologics, along with their reported associations with arrhythmic events (CV, cardiovascular; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HF, heart failure; JAK, Janus kinase; LV, left ventricular; MTX, methotrexate; PCR, protein chained reaction; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; TNF, tumour necrosis factor). Here, TNF is linked to hydrops fetalis.