In obese PCOS, the pathogenic extracellular vesicle phenotype is characterised by a prevalence of inflammatory microRNAs (e.g., miR-21, miR-155), lipotoxic ceramides, and oxidised phospholipids that activate NF-κB and JAK–STAT signalling in granulosa cells, hepatocytes, and adipocytes [190]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.