SLC5A3 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In 2025, a recent preprint reported a large-scale cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified five loci that were associated with nearly a threefold increased risk of obesity: YLPM1 (YLP Motif Containing 1), RIF1 (Replication Timing Regulatory Factor 1), GIGYF1 (GRB10 Interacting GYF Protein 1), SLC5A3 (Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3), and GRM7 (Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 7) [4].