The latter is accompanied by shedding of constitutive (e.g., CD31/platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, VE-cadherin, CD146/melanoma cell adhesion molecule, CD105/endoglin, and CD309/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/kinase insert domain receptor) and inducible (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1, and E-selectin) endothelial receptors, some of which have been suggested as sensitive and specific markers of endothelial dysfunction. The gene discussed is VCAM1; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.