WWP1 and breast cancer: WWP1 is ubiquitously expressed in almost all human tissue, and has been implicated in cancer (e.g., prostate, gastric, and breast cancer), infectious diseases (e.g., the Ebola, Hepatitis B, and leukemia viruses and COVID-19), muscular dystrophy, neurological diseases (e.g., Troyer syndrome, hereditary spastic paraplegias, and dentatorubral–pallidoluysian atrophy), and aging; WWP1 is an important modulator of a wide variety of intracellular processes [24].