The long-term use of pharmacological interventions in current IBD treatments, such as drugs, corticosteroids, amino-salicylates, anti-TNF agents, anti-integrins, calcineurin inhibitors, immunosuppressants, biologics, and antibiotics, is accompanied by side effects, including digestive problems, immune suppression, diabetes, kidney damage, hypertension, weight gain, and an increased risk of infections. Here, TNF is linked to infection.