While acute EGFR activity is protective in mobilizing the immune response, in the context of APS-1—in which Candida infection is never eradicated—it leads to chronic, pathological stimulation of mitogenic signaling, resulting in a state of epithelial hyperproliferation that is highly favorable for oncogenic transformation [37,44,45,46]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1.