MTOR and cancer: Transcriptomic analysis and molecular validation revealed that WE-AER exerts its effects primarily through modulation of the TGF-β/FOXO/mTOR signaling pathways (Figure 3), which play pivotal roles in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, development, and contribute significantly to the formation, development, metastasis, and neovascularization of malignant tumor cells [34,35,36,37].