In addition, it has been documented that, both in patients with chronic periodontitis and T2DM, and in human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and high glucose concentrations, a significant increase in the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β is observed. Here, NLRP3 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.