Assessing primary neuroblastoma samples and cell lines, the authors found that Trx1 expression positively correlated with the activation of phosphorylated AKT as well as upstream RTKs (e.g., IGF1 receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B, VEGFR1) and downstream targets such as phosphorylated p70S6K (70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase). Here, TXN is linked to neuroblastoma.