NOX4 expression was increased in human myocardial specimens collected from explanted hearts of non-ischemic DCM patients during cardiac transplantation (compared to brain-dead donor hearts with no history of heart disease), and its expression was positively associated with the cleavage of caspase-1 and gasdermin D expression, two effectors of pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death that is closely associated with inflammation [126]. This evidence concerns the gene NOX4 and heart disorder.