IL6 and metabolic syndrome: Discrepancies in the reported results may arise from differences in the sensitivity and specificity of analytical methods, clinical heterogeneity of patients (e.g., disease stage, deficit subtype, first hospitalization), the immunomodulatory effects of antipsychotic medications (e.g., olanzapine and risperidone may reduce IL-6 levels), metabolic factors (obesity, metabolic syndrome), lifestyle variables (smoking, diet, physical activity), and insufficient control of confounding factors such as age, sex, or duration of illness.