Genes including gbp5, batf2, and CD64 are significantly overexpressed in ATB patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), enabling LTBI differentiation (AUC = 0.879, 0.911, and 0.85, respectively) [24,26]; gbp5, bnip3, klf6, dysf, LASP1, and pcbp1 are significantly upregulated in the plasma cfRNA of active tuberculosis patients [27]. The gene discussed is GBP5; the disease is tuberculosis.