This ethnic discrepancy is plausible, as other meta-analyses of genetic GDM predictors have noted a similar paradox: variants like TCF7L2 (rs7903146) and PPARG (rs1801282) increase risk in East Asians but lack impact in Europeans [30], with a subsequent Polish study failing to detect any TCF7L2 effect [31]. Here, TCF7L2 is linked to gestational diabetes.