This binding leads to the intracellular accumulation of NDRG3 and activation of the Raf/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Raf/ERK) pathway, which promotes the expression of various angiogenesis-related genes and accelerates tumor neovascularization, providing favorable conditions for rapid tumor growth and metastasis [129] (Figure 3). Here, NDRG3 is linked to neoplasm.