In fact, the pathogenesis of ALI involves multiple signaling pathways, such as NF-κB-, MAPK-, JAK/STAT-, AMPK/SIRT3-, Nrf2/HO-1-, PI3K/Akt-, apoptosis-, pyroptosis-, and autophagy-related pathways [5]. The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.