BGLAP and Alzheimer disease: On one hand, studies have demonstrated that OCN can ameliorate AD pathology through multiple mechanisms: OCN reduces Aβ deposition in the hippocampus and cortex of AD model mice; enhances high γ-band activity in the medial prefrontal cortex; promotes glycolysis in astrocytes and microglia; and inhibits astrocyte proliferation in the hippocampal region [138].