The much smaller magnitude of change in the expression level of the E2F family members that positively regulate T cell proliferation (E2F1, 2 and 3)50,51 compared with the level of MYC downregulation following HIV infection (Extended Data Fig. 5b,f,g) suggests that the changes in E2F signalling may be secondary to the reduced level of MYC transcriptional activity. The gene discussed is E2F1; the disease is HIV infectious disease.