A study revealed that neutrophils rapidly induce NF-κB pathway-related genes after exposure to Rhizopus oryzae hyphae, leading to the upregulation of numerous pro-inflammatory genes and Toll-like receptor 2 [50], enhanced antifungal activity [51], In this study, neutropenia for more than 10 days was identified as an independent predictor for OS infection by Mucor in patients with hematological diseases. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and neutropenia.