NPPB and acute coronary syndrome: Advanced imaging modalities—such as coronary angiography and ventriculography, which are considered the gold standard, along with serial echocardiographic assessment—combined with cardiac biomarkers, including relatively low peak troponin levels and markedly elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), as well as diagnostic ratios like copeptin/NT-proBNP, provide a robust framework for differentiating TTS from acute coronary syndromes.