TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Li et al. [103] constructed a dual-network alginate hydrogel (siHPTs@ZA) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment by crosslinking SA with Zn2+ and further crosslinking with hyperbranched poly(β-amino ester) (HB-PBAEs), loaded with TNF-α siRNA (siHPTs).