In a study, two different insulin-loaded nanogel formulations with opposite surface charges (−15.94 mV for insulin: carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/chitosan (CS)−nanogels(−), +17.15 mV for insulin: CMCS/CS-NGs(+)) were fabricated within the scope of the insulin transporter system developed for the treatment of diabetes. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.