DMD and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A variable proportion of DMD individuals (20–50%, depending on the site of the DMD mutations) have complex neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive phenotypes, manifesting with specific language disorders, intellectual disability, reading delay, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), emotional disorders, and/or obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD) [21].