Abbreviations: MS (Multiple Sclerosis), PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), OPC (oligodendrocyte precursor cell), CSF1R (colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor), CUP (cuprizone), FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor), VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2), NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3), and EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.