GLP1R and hydrops fetalis: As a major cardiovascular complication in T2DM, HF poses significant clinical challenges.Advances in clinical risk stratification, biomarker profiling, and echocardiographic techniques for predicting HF onset, coupled with the development of novel therapeutics such as SGLT2 inhibitors, MRAs, and GLP-1 receptor agonists, hold promise for reducing the contemporary burden of HF in T2DM.