KRAS and cancer: In addition to TMB which calculates the overall number of mutations, individual gene mutations, especially those drive the development of cancer, e.g., KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS) (Jiang et al. 2018), Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate 3-Kinase Catalytic Subunit Alpha (PIK3CA) (Chung et al. 2021), Lysine Methyltransferase 2B (KMT2B) (Li 2017), Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (ERBB2) (Xiang et al. 2018) and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) (Yoshimoto et al. 2020), were also reported to be associated with poor prognosis of patients with CC.