Lastly, we demonstrate that CXCR6+ CD127− Tr1 cells correlate with clinical outcomes, including a lower probability of symptoms given infection, as well as a prolonged time to infection clearance among children with asymptomatic, untreated infections, consistent with a role for these cells in mediating clinical immunity to malaria through their regulation of pathological immune responses. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR6 and malaria.