After FDR correction, the levels of IFN-γ (z = −5.335, P < 0.001), TNF-α (z = −4.880, P < 0.001), TNF-β (z = −2.401, P = 0.019), IL-1β (z = -2.831, P = 0.007), IL-4 (z = −4.039, P < 0.001), IL-5 (z = −4.523, P < 0.001), IL-6 (z = −3.545, P < 0.001), IL-8 (z = −5.667, P < 0.001), IL-17F (z = −3.986, P < 0.001) and IL-22 (z = −5.325, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the peripheral blood of CADASIL patients than in healthy controls. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is CADASIL.