IFNLR1 and inflammatory bowel disease: In biopsies taken from uninflamed sites in the terminal ileum or ascending colon, basal expression of the IFN-λ receptor subunit (IFN-λR1) and expression of ISGs after ex vivo incubation with IFN-λ were reported to be 4- to 7-fold lower in inflammatory bowel disease cases than in controls,40,41 but these results have so far been published only in abstract form.