The top 10 hub targets, identified based on degree centrality, included MMP9, BCL2, CYP3A43, ACE, HNF4A, HSP90AA1, AGTR1, MMP2, AGTR2, and HMGCR (Figure 1D), suggesting their pivotal roles in mediating PFAS-induced DKD toxicity. Here, MMP9 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.