Combined with the findings that immune cell infiltration (e.g., CD8+ T cells and neutrophils) is significantly increased in AF patients, and the high expression of biomarkers TP53 and MAPKAPK5 shows a strong positive correlation with immune cell infiltration, it is suggested that the APP-CD74 pathway may exacerbate local atrial inflammatory responses by enhancing the “recruitment signals” from endothelial cells to neutrophils, thereby participating in atrial remodeling. This evidence concerns the gene MAPKAPK5 and atrial fibrillation.