A multivariate linear regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, and BMI, confirmed that the levels of IFNγ, CCL8, CXCL9, TNFα, CCL13, CXCL10, and CCL2 was significantly higher in the GRS 0–4 group compared with the GRS 5–8 group in cirrhotic HCC (Fig. 3C and Fig. S2C). Here, CCL8 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.