DNMT1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In a phase II trial (NCT01928576) for non-small-cell carcinoma treatment, the combination of azacytidine (AZA, a nucleoside analog of DNMT inhibitors, which can effectively bind to DNA to form covalent complexes and promote the degradation of DNMT [12]) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) showed that among the six patients who received AZA as pretreatment, five achieved 6-month progression-free survival after subsequent anti-PD-1, while the response rate for AZA was only 4 % [13,14].