CD8A and neoplasm: At study entry, canonical markers of an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME), such as PD-L1 protein and gene expression and CD3+ and CD8+ T cell density in tumor stroma and tumor nests, were lower in patients in the tobemstomig arm versus the nivolumab plus ipilimumab arm (Fig. 2a,b and Extended Data Fig. 3).