VRK1 and glioma: VRK1, a serine/threonine kinase, is overexpressed in various tumor types, including glioma, and is associated with poor prognosis.[31, 32, 33, 34] Current research on VRK1 in glioma primarily focuses on cell proliferation[34] and DNA damage repair,[35] with limited exploration of its role in the stemness regulation of GSCs.