Approximately 7.5 years following their procedures, those who underwent BarS showed higher BMIs than matched controls (+2.8 kg/m2); however, the BarS group showed significantly lower mean fasting levels of glucose (−6.5 mg/dL; P = 0.03), insulin (−2.75 μU/mL; P = 0.01), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (−20.0 mg/dL; P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (log-transformed) (−0.42; P = 0.002), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (−0.75; P = 0.02), and higher mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol (+11.4 mg/dL; P < 0.001) compared to matched controls. Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.