Notably, bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their microvesicles (MSC-MVs) modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, markedly down-regulate the mesenchymal marker α-SMA and confer protection against early ARDS-related lung fibrosis (37, 38). The gene discussed is ACTA1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.